Capacitor waa aaladda ugu badan ee loo isticmaalo naqshadaynta wareegga, waa mid ka mid ah qaybaha dadban, aaladda firfircooni waa si fudud baahida tamarta (korontada) isha aaladda loo yaqaan aaladda firfircoon, iyada oo aan tamar (koronto) laga helin aaladda aaladda waa aalad aan fiicneyn. .
Doorka iyo isticmaalka capacitors guud ahaan waa noocyo badan, sida: doorka leexinta, kala saarida, shaandhaynta, kaydinta tamarta; Dhamaystirka oscillation, isku-dubarid iyo doorka wakhtiga joogtada ah.
Go'doominta Dc: Shaqadu waa in laga hortago in DC-ga la soo maro oo AC loo ogolaado in ay soo baxdo.
Bypass (isku xidhka) : Waxay siisaa waddo hooseeysa oo ah qaybo isbarbar socda oo ku jira wareegga AC.
Capacitor Bypass: Capacitor bypass, sidoo kale loo yaqaan capacitor decoupling, waa aaladda kaydinta tamarta oo siisa tamar aaladda. Waxay isticmaashaa sifooyinka impedance soo noqnoqda ee capacitor-ka, sifooyinka soo noqnoqda ee capacitor-ka ugu fiican marka ay soo noqnoqoshada sii kordheyso, hoos u dhac ku yimaada, sida balli, waxay ka dhigi kartaa wax-soo-saarka wax-soo-saarka lebbiska, hoos u dhigida is-bedbeddelka korantada culeyska. Capacitor-ka dhaafka waa inuu ahaado mid u dhow sida ugu macquulsan biinka korontada iyo biinanka dhulka ee aaladda rarka, taas oo ah shuruudaha caqabada.
Markaad sawirto PCB-ga, fiiro gaar ah u yeelo xaqiiqda ah in kaliya marka ay u dhowdahay qayb ay xakamayn karto sare u kaca dhulka iyo buuqa ka dhashay koronta xad dhaafka ah ama gudbinta calaamadaha kale. Si badheedh ah loo dhigo, qaybta AC ee sahayda korantada ee DC waxay ku xidhan tahay sahayda korantada iyada oo loo marayo capacitor, kaas oo ka ciyaara doorka nadiifinta tamarta DC. C1 waa kapacitor-ka dhaafka ee shaxanka soo socda, sawirkuna waa inuu ahaadaa mid ugu dhow IC1.
Capacitor-ka-dejinta: Capacitor-ka-dejinta waa faragelinta calaamadda wax-soo-saarka sida shayga shaandhada, capacitor-ka kala-goynta waxay u dhigantaa baytariga, isticmaalka dalladdiisa iyo soo dayntiisa, si signalka la xoojiyay uusan u dhibin isbeddelka hadda jira. . Awoodiisu waxay ku xidhan tahay inta jeer ee calaamada iyo heerka xakamaynta ee ripples, iyo capacitor decoupling waa in ay ciyaaraan doorka "batteriga" si ay ula kulmaan isbedelada wareegga drive hadda iyo in laga fogaado isku xidhka faragelinta ka dhexeeya midba midka kale.
Kapacitor-ka dhaafka dhab ahaantii waa la isku xidhay, laakiin capacitor-ka dhaafka guud ahaan waxa uu tilmaamayaa joogitaanka-sare ee soo noqnoqda, taas oo ah, si loo hagaajiyo dhawaaqa beddelka-sare ee dariiqa sii-deynta hooseeysa. Awood-dhaafka-sare ee awoodda guud ahaan waa yar yahay, inta jeer ee resonant waa guud ahaan 0.1F, 0.01F, iwm. isbeddelka hadda ku jira darawalnimada.
Farqiga u dhexeeya iyaga: marin-dhaafku waa in la shaandheeyo faragelinta calaamadda wax-soo-saarka sida shayga, iyo kala-goynta waa in la shaandheeyo faragelinta calaamadda wax-soo-saarka sida shayga si looga hortago calaamadda faragelinta inay ku soo noqoto tamarta.
Isku-xidhka: Waxay u shaqeysaa sidii isku xirka labada wareeg, taasoo u oggolaanaysa calaamadaha AC inay dhex maraan oo loo gudbiyo wareegga heerka xiga.
Capacitor-ka waxaa loo isticmaalaa sidii qayb iskuxiran si loogu gudbiyo calaamadii hore ee marxaladda dambe, iyo in la xakameeyo saameynta hore ee tooska ah ee marxaladda dambe, si qaladka wareegga wareegga uu yahay mid sahlan, waxqabadkuna uu yahay mid deggan. Haddii xoojinta signalka AC uusan isbeddelin iyada oo aan la helin capacitor, laakiin goobta shaqada ee heerarka oo dhan waxay u baahan tahay in dib loo habeeyo, sababtoo ah saameynta hore iyo gadaal, hagaajinta goobta shaqada waa mid aad u adag, waana wax aan macquul aheyn in la gaaro heerar badan.
Filter: Tani aad bay muhiim ugu tahay wareegga, capacitor ka dambeeya CPU asal ahaan waa doorkan.
Taasi waa, inta jeer ee f weyn, waa yaraanta impedance Z ee capacitor. Marka inta jeer ee hooseeya, capacitance C sababtoo ah impedance Z waa mid aad u weyn, calaamadaha waxtarka leh ayaa si habsami leh u gudbi kara; Inta jeer ee sarreeya, capacitor C waa horeba aad u yar sababtoo ah impedance Z, taas oo u dhiganta dhawaaq gaaban oo wareeg ah oo gaaban GND.
Filter Filter: Capacitance ugu fiican, kobaca weyn ee awoodda, yaraanta impedance, sare inta jeer ee gudbinta. Capacitors Electrolytic guud ahaan waa in ka badan 1uF, kaas oo leh qayb weyn oo inductance ah, sidaas darteed xannibaadda waxay noqon doontaa mid weyn ka dib marka la eego soo noqnoqoshada sare. Waxaan inta badan aragnaa in mararka qaarkood uu jiro capacitance weyn oo kapacitor elektrolytic ah oo barbar socda capacitor yar, dhab ahaantii, capacitor weyn iyada oo inta jeer ee hooseeya, capacitance yar iyada oo inta jeer ee sare, si ay si buuxda u shaandhayso soo noqnoqda sare iyo hoose. Mar kasta oo uu kor u kaco inta jeer ee capacitor-ku, waa uu sii yaraanayaa, capacitor-ku waxa uu la mid yahay balli, dhawr dhibcood oo biyo ah kuma filna in ay isbedel weyn ku keenaan, taas oo ah in isbedbedelka danabku aanu ahayn wakhti fiican marka danabku waa la ilaalin karaa.
Jaantuska C2 Magdhawga Heerkulka: Si loo hagaajiyo xasilloonida wareegga iyadoo lagu magdhabayo saamaynta heerkulka ku filnaansho la'aanta qaybaha kale.
Falanqaynta: Sababtoo ah awoodda capacitor waqtigu waxay go'aamisaa inta jeer ee oscillation ee oscillator line, awoodda waqtiga capacitor ayaa looga baahan yahay inay noqoto mid aad u deggan oo aan isbeddelin isbeddelka qoyaanka deegaanka, si loo sameeyo inta jeer ee oscillation ee oscillator line deggan. Sidaa darteed, capacitors leh isku-xireyaasha heerkulka togan iyo kuwa taban ayaa si barbar socda loo isticmaalaa si loo fuliyo dhammaystirka heerkulka. Marka heerkulka hawlgalka uu kaco, awoodda C1 ayaa sii kordheysa, halka awoodda C2 ay hoos u dhacayso. Wadarta awooda labada capacitors ee isbarbar yaacaya waa wadarta awooda labada capacitors. Maadaama hal awood uu kordho halka kan kalena uu hoos u dhacayo, wadarta awoodda asal ahaan isma bedesho. Sidoo kale, marka heerkulku hoos u dhaco, awoodda hal capacitor waa la dhimaa, kan kalena waa la kordhiyaa, wadarta guudna asal ahaan waxba kama beddelin, taas oo dejisa inta jeer ee oscillation iyo gaadho ujeedada magdhowga heerkulka.
Waqtiga: Capacitor-ka waxaa lala isticmaalaa iska caabiyaha si loo go'aamiyo wakhtiga joogtada ah ee wareegga.
Marka calaamadda wax-soo-gelinta ka soo boodo hoose ilaa sare, wareegga RC-ga ayaa la gelinayaa ka dib marka la xiro 1. Sifada ku dallacaadda capacitor-ka ayaa ka dhigaysa calaamadda barta B inaysan isla markiiba ku boodin calaamadda gelinta, laakiin waxay leedahay hab tartiib tartiib ah u kordhaya. Marka uu weyn yahay, kaydiyuhu 2 wuu rogrogaa, taasoo keentay dib u dhac ku yimi hoos ilaa sare marka la soo saaro.
Waqtiga Joogtada ah: Qaadashada wareegga isku dhafan ee taxanaha RC ee caadiga ah tusaale ahaan, marka korantada signalka gelinta lagu dabaqo dhammaadka gelinta, korantada capacitor-ka si tartiib tartiib ah ayuu u kacayaa. Dallacadu hadda waxay hoos u dhigtaa kor u kaca korantada, resistor R iyo capacitor C waxay si taxane ah ugu xidhan yihiin signalka gelinta VI, iyo calaamada wax soo saarka V0 ee capacitor C, marka qiimaha RC (τ) iyo hirarka labajibbaaran ee wax gelinta width tW meet: τ “tW”, wareeggan waxaa loo yaqaan wareegga isku dhafan.
Daawaynta: Habaynta habaysan ee wareegyada ku-tiirsanaanta soo noqnoqda, sida talefannada gacanta, raadiyaha, iyo telefishannada.
Sababtoo ah inta jeer ee resonant ee wareegga oscillating oscillating ee IC waa shaqo IC ah, waxaan ogaanay in saamiga ugu badnaan ilaa ugu yaraan inta jeer ee resonant ee wareegga oscillating uu ku kala duwan yahay xididka labajibbaaran ee saamiga awoodda. Saamiga capacitance halkan waxaa loola jeedaa saamiga ka capacitance marka danab eexashada gadaal waa ugu hooseeya ilaa capacitance marka danab eexashada gadaal waa ugu sarreeya. Sidaa darteed, qalooca sifada hagaajinta ee wareegga (eex-resonant soo noqnoqda) asal ahaan waa parabola.
Dib-u-hadeeye: Daar ama dami qayb-xidhay qayb-xidhay qaybiyaha wakhti go'an.
Kaydinta tamarta: Kaydinta tamarta korontada si loo sii daayo marka loo baahdo. Sida flashka kamarada, qalabka kululaynta, iwm.
Guud ahaan, capacitors electrolytic waxay yeelan doonaan doorka kaydinta tamarta, kuwa kaydinta tamarta gaarka ah, habka kaydinta tamarta korantada waa labajibbaaran koronto capacitors iyo Faraday capacitors. Qaabkeeda ugu weyn waa kaydinta tamarta supercapacitor, kaas oo supercapacitors ay yihiin capacitors isticmaalaya mabda'a lakabyo koronto oo laba jibaaran.
Marka korantada la dabaqay lagu dabaqo labada taarikada ee supercapacitor, korantada togan ee saxanka ayaa kaydisa kharashka togan, saxanka taban wuxuu kaydiyaa kharashka taban, sida capacitors caadiga ah. Marka la eego goobta korantada ee ay dhaliso kharashka labada taarikada ee supercapacitor, kharashka ka soo horjeeda ayaa lagu sameeyay isdhexgalka u dhexeeya electrolyte iyo electrode si loo dheellitiro beerta gudaha ee korantada.
Lacagtan togan iyo lacagta taban ayaa lagu habeeyaa meelo iska soo horjeeda oo ku yaala dusha sare ee xidhiidhka oo u dhexeeya laba weji oo kala duwan oo aad u gaaban oo u dhexeeya kharashyada togan iyo kuwa taban, lakabkan qaybinta kharashka waxaa loo yaqaannaa lakabka koronto ee labajibbaaran, markaa awoodda koronto waa mid aad u weyn.
Waqtiga boostada: Agoosto-15-2023
