Waa maxay hadda jiidashada, waraabka hadda, nuuga hadda?

Jiid hadda iyo hadda waraabka waa halbeegyada cabbiraadda awoodda wadista wax soo saarka wareegga (Ogow: jiidista iyo waraabka ayaa dhamaantood u ah dhamaadka wax soo saarka, sidaas darteed waa awoodda darawalka) xuduudaha.Hadalkan waxaa guud ahaan loo adeegsadaa wareegyada dhijitaalka ah.

Halkan waa in aan marka hore ku sharaxno in jiidashada iyo waraabka hadda ee buug-gacmeedka chip uu yahay qiimaha cabbirka, kaas oo ah xadka sare ee jiidashada terminalka iyo waraabka hadda ee wareegga dhabta ah (qiimaha ugu sarreeya ee la oggol yahay).

Fikradda hoos lagu xusay waa qiimaha dhabta ah ee wareegga.

Sababtoo ah wax soo saarka wareegyada dhijitaalka ah waa mid sarreeya oo hooseeya (0, 1), qiimaha korantada:

Marka wax soo saarka heerka sare la soo saaro, wax soo saarka guud ahaan waxaa la siiyaa culeyska.Qiimaha hadda waxa loo yaqaan "jiid hadda";

Marka wax soo saarka heerka hoose yahay guud ahaan hadda si uu u nuugo culeyska, qiimaha hadda nuugista waxaa loo yaqaan "waraabka (geli) hadda".

Qalabka wax gelinta hadda:

Hadda soo socda iyo hadda nuugista ayaa la gelinayaa.Hadda waa dadban, iyo hadda nuugista ayaa firfircoon.

Haddi haddalka dibeddu uu dhex maro chip pin-ka, 'qulqulaya' chip-ka waxaa loo yaqaannaa hadda waraabka (oo lagu waraabiyo);

Taa beddelkeeda, haddii qulqulka gudaha ee loo maro pin-chip-ka ee 'socodka' loo yaqaan jiid hadda (la soo baxay);

Maxaan u cabbiri karaa awoodda wadista wax-soo-saarka?Isgoyska

Marka soo-saarka albaabka macquulka ah uu hooseeyo, hadda oo lagu waraabiyo albaabka macquulka ah waxaa loo yaqaannaa waraabka.Hadafka waraabka weyn ee hadda jira, ayaa sarreeya heerka hoose ee dhamaadka wax soo saarka.Waxa kale oo laga arki karaa qalooca sifada wax soo saarka ee triode.Hadba inta uu sii weynaado wakhtiga waraabka, waa uu sii weynaadaa hoos u dhaca korantada ee buuxa, waana sii weynaada heerka hoose.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, heerka hoose ee albaabka macquulka ah ayaa xaddidan, wuxuuna leeyahay ugu badnaan UOLMAX.Markaad ka shaqaynayso albaabka macquulka ah, lama ogola in ay dhaafto qiimahan.Tilmaamaha albaabka macquulka ah ee TTL ayaa qeexaya UOLMAX ≤0.4 ~ 0.5V.Sidaa darteed, waxaa jira xadka sare ee hadda waraabka.

Marka dhamaadka soo-saarka albaabka macquulka ah uu sarreeyo, hadda ee dhamaadka wax soo saarka albaabka macquul ah ayaa ka soo qulqulaya albaabka macquulka ah.Hadda waxa loo yaqaan jiid hadda.Inta uu sii weynaado hadda jiidashada, ayaa hoos u dhigaysa heerka sare ee dhamaadka wax soo saarka.Tani waa sababta oo ah saddex-geesoodka-soo-saarka ayaa leh iska-caabbin gudaha ah, iyo hoos-u-dhaca danab ee caabbinta gudaha waxay yareyn doontaa tamarta wax soo saarka.Inta uu sii weynaado hadda jiidashada, ayaa hoos u dhigaysa heerka sare ee dhamaadka wax soo saarka.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, heerka sare ee albaabka macquulka ah ayaa xaddidan, wuxuuna leeyahay ugu yaraan UOHmin.Markaad ka shaqaynayso albaabka macquulka ah, lama ogola in ay dhaafto qiimahan.Tilmaamaha qeexitaanka albaabka macquulka ah ee TTL uohmin ≥2.4V.Sidaa darteed, waxaa sidoo kale jira xadka sare ee hadda jiid.

Waxaa la arki karaa in uu jiro xad sare oo ku saabsan hadda jiid iyo hadda waraabka on dhamaadka wax soo saarka.Haddii kale, marka wax soo saarka heerka sare, hadda jiidashada ayaa hoos u dhigi doonta heerka wax soo saarka marka loo eego UOHMIN;marka wax soo saarka heerka hoose, hadda waraabka ayaa ka dhigi doona heerka wax soo saarka ka sarreeya UOLMAX.

Sidaa darteed, jiidashada iyo waraabinta hadda waxay ka tarjumaysaa awoodda wax-soo-saarka.(Sida weyn ee jilibka jiitaankiisa iyo qiimaha cabbirka waraabka ee hadda jira, waxay la macno tahay in jajabku ku xidhi karo culaysyo badan, sababtoo ah, sida hadda waraabku waa culays, culays badan

Sababtoo ah wax gelinta heerka sare hadda waa yar yahay, heerka heerka-yar, guud ahaan looma baahna in la tixgeliyo.Hadda heerka hoose waa weyn yahay oo heerka milliamp.

Sidaa darteed, inta badan wax dhib ah kuma laha waraabka heerka hoose.Isticmaal marawaxada si aad u sharaxdo awooda albaabka macquulka ah si uu u wado albaabada la midka ah.Taageere ka soo baxay naxariistu waa saamiga heerka hoose ee wax soo saarka ugu sarreeya iyo hadda wax-gelinta ugu badan ee heerka hoose.

Wareegga isku dhafan, wax-soo-saarka hadda jira, soo-saarka hadda jira iyo waraabka waraabka waa fikrad aad muhiim u ah.

Soo jiid oo soo rog, hadda wax soo saarka firfircoon, wuxuu ka yimid wax soo saarka hadda;

Waraabku waa dallacaadda, qulqulka qulqulka, kaas oo ka soo qulqulaya dekedda wax soo saarka;

Silica ayaa si firfircoon u nuugaya hadda, kaas oo ka soo qulqulaya dekedda wax gelinta. 

Hadda nuugista iyo hadda waraabka waa kuwa hadda ku qulqulaya chip ka wareegga dibadda ee chip-ka.Farqiga u dhexeeya ayaa ah in hadda nuugista uu firfircoon yahay, iyo hadda nuugista ayaa ka soo qulqulaya dhammaadka gelinta chip-ka.Hadda qulqulaya waa dadban, oo hadda ka qulqulaya dhamaadka wax soo saarka ayaa loogu yeeraa hadda.

Hadda jiidi waa wax soo saarka hadda oo ay bixiso wax soo saarka wareegga dhijitaalka ah ee heerka sare ee culeyska.Wax-soo-saarka heerka hooseeya marka hadda waraabku yahay wax-gelinta wareegga dhijitaalka ah.Waxay dhab ahaantii yihiin wax gelinta iyo soo saarista awoodaha hadda jira.

Hadafka nuugista waxaa loogu talagalay terminaalka wax-gelinta (input end input), iyo jiidashada hadda (dhamaadka wax-soo-saarka ee qulqulaya) iyo hadda waraabka (dhammaadka wax-soo-saarka waa waraabin) waa wax soo saar yar.